Bibliography

The article examines the social consequences of planned relocation due to sea level rise and argues that there are adverse impacts on anxiety, well-being, and perceived safety in relocated communities. Data from a survey in two Ghanaian communities—one relocated (Keta) and one not (Totope)—shows that relocation often lowers well-being, increases anxiety, and disrupts community attachment, safety perceptions, and identity. The study emphasizes that relocation, though intended to reduce physical risk, can cause long-term social and psychological challenges. The writers encourage readers to consider more than physical safety when it comes to relocation due to climate change. They argue that there is a growing need for socially informed, well-planned climate adaptation policies. These findings support our thesis by illustrating how rising sea levels and relocation practices impact individuals and their socio-psychological well-being. The article provides evidence suggesting that rising temperatures and sea levels require diverse responses tailored to community needs.

The author in this resource argues that the rising sea level caused by global warming in recent years provides an extreme danger to civilization, especially in coastal cities, where millions may be displaced. He emphasizes the importance of acting now to stop global warming from progressing any further. In his analysis, he uses historical evidence involving the effect of floods on early civilizations such as ancient Egypt and uses sea level measurements over recent years to compare the effects to what a modern day city might experience. This resource is important because it details thousands of years of history pertaining to our relationship with the ocean, and gives analysis of the impacts rising sea levels have had up to current day. For our thesis, this source can give us both meaningful historical information to build off of as well as detailed projected impacts of rising sea levels on coastal cities today.

This resource argues the strengths and weaknesses of methodologies and modeling practices, motivating differences in results and in policy implications. As evidence, this paper uses very detailed site-specific engineering studies and global macroeconomic assessments of coastal zone vulnerability. This resource is important because it reviews modeling approaches, details sea-level/extreme events that affect coastal areas, and notes for future research. For our thesis specifically, this resource will be useful when discussing extreme events’ effects in coastal areas and future research.

This article discusses strategies for addressing climate-induced risks to coastal regions, emphasizing proactive adaptation and resilience-building measures. It evaluates the effectiveness of nature-based solutions, infrastructure adjustments, and policy interventions for managing effects such as flooding, erosion, and habitat loss. The authors underscore the importance of local stakeholder engagement and integrated planning to enhance coastal community resilience. They highlight challenges, including financing and regulatory barriers, and advocate for adaptive management frameworks that respond to evolving environmental conditions. The authors map out a comprehensive analysis of how coastal areas can adapt to the growing threats of climate change and rising sea levels. The authors stress the need for integrated approaches that combine ecological restoration with traditional engineering methods. They argue that public awareness, stakeholder collaboration, and innovative funding mechanisms are essential for successful adaptation. 

The article argues that the largest contributors to global sea-level rise have created the largest effect within Greenland due to the increase of surface meltwater runoff and retreat of marine terminating outlet glaciers. In order to supply their information, the use of several developing models within the ISMIP6 model to collect information regarding velocity and ice thickness at initial states of glaciers. This methodology is incredibly important as it allows for different visualizations to project a series of results that can then be used to predict or depict an outcome. Different models set to different time frames allow for comparison between years which create an ability to determine whether change has become more significant in recent years. In terms of projecting the information towards our thesis, this resource is extremely useful as it allows us to portray data that has been collected through a trajectory of years which is the main point in our study depicting the effects of sea level rise.

This source argues that total glacial melt in Greenland is being impacted by rising surface temperatures. For evidence, the authors use monthly temperature data obtained by instruments placed mainly on coastal stations along with Greenland Ice Sheet mass-balance changes and extrapolation of sea level rise over the next seventy-five years based on volume. This is important because it clearly shows a relationship between rising temperatures and the volume of glacial melt per year. For our thesis, we can use this source and the projected sea level rise it offers in conjunction with other sources to give estimates of how many people will be displaced or affected by rising sea levels in the near future.

The article argues that fluctuations in the sea level throughout history relative to the Serapeo Temple in Pozzuoli, Italy, serve as a uniquely natural gauge to study long-term climate change and sea level rise over 2100 years. The authors use historical data on the temple’s relation to the sea, identifying sea-level changes across various climate periods and providing comparisons to global data on temperature and sea levels. This research highlights the link between sea level and temperature changes across time, reinforcing the influence of human activity in recent trends while discussing the impact on a specific region. The study provides a historical basis for our thesis, allowing readers to understand how rising surface temperatures are correlated with sea level changes. It highlights regional impacts in specific sites, bringing into discussion the idea that modern impacts of rising sea levels can affect various regions in different ways based on local geologic and climatic contexts.

This article argues towards the impact that increases in precipitation at high altitudes have created towards melting in lower areas of Northern Greenland. Various datasets are used from the ICESat model to estimate elevation changes over the ice surface. A grid of 500 x 500 meters is used to obtain a great portion of the peripheral glaciers in Greenland. Once this information is collected, it is divided into yearly models which are compared and used to depict which regions consume the highest amount of precipitation and therefore sea level rising. This set of methods is influential towards depicting a large change within sea level rise as it focuses particularly on select regions which allow the readers to visualize how effects are widespread throughout the country. Directing this information towards our thesis, the incorporation of sea melting is a proper variable that can be used towards our argument in terms of explaining the consequences this global phenomenon has created. 

The article argues that sea-level rise is already negatively impacting real estate values in Miami-Dade County, Florida, due to frequent tidal flooding and hurricane storm surges. The writers emphasize that this ongoing devaluation is expected to accelerate as sea-level rise increases. The study uses historical property transaction data, tidal and hurricane flooding models, and future sea-level rise projections to calculate annualized real estate losses linked to flooding. They demonstrate that this is not a future risk but a current one by highlighting the tangible economic impacts of sea-level rise on property values, offering evidence that it is already affecting real estate markets. This article supports our thesis by illustrating how sea-level rise, a consequence of rising temperatures, disproportionately impacts specific regions (like Miami-Dade) based on geographic and economic factors. It provides insight into how different regions will experience varying levels of risk and economic loss due to climate-driven sea-level changes.

The article explores how one can better estimate surface mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet through regional climate models by integrating satellite-derived ice surface temperature data. This assimilation method reduces estimation errors significantly and improves accuracy in predicting surface mass fluxes, such as runoff and sublimation. The study also identifies the limitations of using these datasets and features. Examples include the coarse resolution of passive microwave data, which impacts radiance assimilation effectiveness and the possible biases behind collected data, much like we have learned about in DGT HUM 101. Overall, this article highlights the potential of enhanced temperature data in refining climate models for forecasting changes in Greenland’s ice dynamics.

In this article the authors discuss the importance of understanding surface temperature, especially in the arctic as a means of understanding climate change. In this article they conducted a study and gathered a dataset. This study introduces a high-resolution dataset tracking Arctic surface temperatures from January 1982 to May 2021, using infrared satellite data to cover oceans, sea ice, and marginal ice zones above 58°N. The findings are a 4.5°C temperature rise across the Arctic over this period, with the northeastern Barents Sea experiencing a 10°C increase, underscoring significant regional warming impacts. It discusses the possible narratives and discrepancies of the data like discussed in lecture which makes the data easily understood and seemingly more reliable.

The resource argues that mean sea level experiences both short-term variability and long-term changes across different timescales, from months to centuries. The resource uses tide gauge measurements, altimeter data, and numerical modeling as evidence to support its claims about sea level variations. This resource is important because it establishes the range and scale of sea level variations across different temporal and geographical contexts. For our thesis, this resource provides valuable baseline information about the varying scales of sea level change and specifically highlights the potential for significant global sea level rise due to anthropogenic climate change over the next century.

The article argues that rising global temperatures, largely driven by human activities, correlate with increasing wildfire rates, which in turn further contribute to rising temperatures and sea levels due to carbon emissions. This article uses machine learning models and statistical data to analyze surface temperature and wildfire occurrences. Visualizations show patterns in temperature rise and wildfire frequency. This research highlights the correlation between wildfires, climate change, and rising sea levels, stressing the need for early intervention to control global warming. The resource contributes to our thesis by illustrating how rising temperatures can cause varied, region-specific impacts, such as more frequent wildfires in susceptible areas, supporting the notion that temperature and sea level changes impact regions differently based on local climate vulnerabilities.

This argument argues towards identifying the most significant factors that will impact sea level rise and global warming from present time to the year 2100. There is a direct focus on the correlation between greenhouse emissions and increasing global mean temperatures which are influenced by a set of external factors. Both factors highlight how if considered and worked against there can occur a significant decrease in global temperature by almost two degrees Celsius. Taking into consideration these external factors is highly important as it sets a widespread image of how global warming and sea level rise as a whole is able to create effects towards the developing world. In terms of our thesis, a prediction would help our argument greatly as most of our data is set on exposing previous effects that have created negative outcomes.

This article addresses the growing risks of extreme sea levels (ESLs) and coastal flooding due to global warming. Using models of probable future outcomes, between 2000-2100 the level of ESL will increase to a great degree and make for an increase in coastal flooding and possible hazardous conditions. The authors discuss how ESL’s are mostly driven by mass ice loss from glaciers and ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica. It discusses the possibility of extreme flooding that has not been seen in history.